Abstract:
Type 1 diabetes is an important health problem in the world that affects
adults, adolescents and even very young children. Type 1 diabetes is
identified as an autoimmune disease. It causes unrepairable destruction
of the pancreatic beta cells as a result, Insulin production ranges from
negligible to nil. Insulin is the hormone which regulates the blood glucose
level. Since the pancreas is no longer able to produce insulin, the subject
can experience chronic hyperglycaemia.
The current work is focused on achieving a closed loop control of the
patient’s blood glucose by measuring the blood insulin and glucose levels.
For this a continuous insulin and glucose monitoring system has been
implemented that keep track of patient’s insulin and glucose levels. An
artificial pancreas system has been implemented that controls the blood
glucose level through a calculated amount of insulin infusion in the lower
abdominal region through a cannula.
In this thesis work, the modification in the available closed loop control
algorithm for blood glucose is discussed. Continuous glucose monitoring
device and continuous insulin monitoring device is discussed. The device
employs “Photoplethysmography” (PPG) to predict the blood parame
ters. The PPG waveforms are processed to find the correlation of concen
tration of blood analytes with changes in the features of the PPG signal.
Finally, the thesis focuses on how simultaneous estimation of blood insulin
and glucose level leads to proper control of blood glucose level.
